Kevin Washburn, DVM, DABVP

An ulcer is defined as a loss of epithelium from the mucosal surface of the abomasum.

"Downer" animal: Animal with prolonged recumbency (>12 hrs) that is persistent and intractable

Fractures of the metatarsal/metacarpal regions commonly occur in food animal practice particularly in young calves.

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is an oncogenic retrovirus associated with lymphosarcoma in cattle.

Definition/Etiology: Infectious, transmissible disease of cattle, sheep and goats. Caused by the Rickettsial organism Anaplasma marginale in cattle or A. ovis in sheep/goats.

Case 1: 5-year old Angus cow, calved 3 weeks ago

Case 1: Herd of 150 Angus crossbred cows, gave birth to these calves.

Lameness examination: Examined at a distance, then up close by hands-on.