M. Joseph Bojrab, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVS

The entire urethra is lined with transitional epithelium with the exception of a small amount near the tip of the penis or urethral tubercle.

The upper airway distress syndrome is composed of three individual conditions that cause animals to have moderate to severe inspiratory dyspnea.

Wound healing begins with insult to soft tissue, whether it be surgical or traumatic.

Surgical fenestration of the intervertebral space provides a means of prophylaxis on disk disease.

The small intestine is composed of four layers of tissue, the tunica mucosa, tunica submucosa (provides the main holding power in the intestine), tunica muscularis (the inner circular layer and outer longitudinal layer), and tunica serosa.

Hernia refers to the abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through a normal or abnormal opening in the abdominal muscles or in the diaphragm.

It is important not to forget that the ear can be an indicator of other systemic problems, for example, hypothyroidism, generalized dermatitis, eczema, etc. Therefore remain alert of other problems when diseases of the ear are seen.

These hernias differ from other hernias in that the displaced organs are not usually within a peritoneal sac.

The upper airway distress syndrome is composed of three individual conditions that cause animals to have moderate to severe inspiratory dyspnea.

Surgical fenestration of the intervertebral space provides a means of prophylaxis on disc disease.

Perianal fistula is a specific disease of the canine characterized by ulcerating fistulous tracts, often with a malodorous purulent discharge around the anal orifice.

Diseases of the salivary glands in dogs are usually inflammatory, neoplastic, or traumatic.

This text is not intended to cover each and every aspect relating to wounds presented in veterinary medicine.

The upper airway distress syndrome is composed of thee individual conditions that cause animals to have moderate to severe inspiratory dypnea.