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Cytology is a relatively easy, relatively non-invasive, fast and inexpensive diagnostic technique. Sometimes you actually get the diagnosis. Other times you don't get a specific diagnosis, but the cytologic findings can help you decide which diagnostic technique might be indicated as a next step. Also some potential diagnoses often can be ruled out.

The term adverse drug reaction includes any undesired effect of a drug, including a lack of the desired effect. Adverse reactions to veterinary drugs can range from minor to severe and life-threatening.

The success of any fixed dosing regimen most often is based on the patient's clinical response to the drug. Fixed dosing regimens are designed to generate plasma drug concentrations (PDC) within a therapeutic range, ie, achieve the desired effect while avoiding toxicity.

Most chronic vomiting and chronic diarrhea in cats originate in the small bowel.

The veterinary practitioner may be involved in some cases where pain management with NSAIDs or opioids is not possible due to the unacceptable risk of adverse effects.

Abdominal hemorrhage can result from disruption of a "blood" organ such as the liver or spleen, damage or avulsion of an abdominal artery or vein, or coagulation defect. The presence of blood in the abdomen can result in acute and severe pain from the abdominal cavity, abdominal organs or the nerves, muscles, fascia or skin associated with the abdomen.

Lumps and bumps that are cutaneous or subcutaneous often lend themselves very well to cytologic evaluation. They are easy to get to and most animals don't require sedation or anesthesia for you to obtain these samples. Although a definitively diagnostic sample isn't always obtained, the investment of time and equipment is minimal, and may give you the answer quickly and inexpensively.

Many of the reproductive abnormalities that present as emergencies are straight-forward and relatively easy to resolve. Treatment of these diseases, however, requires knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology as well as the options available for dealing with such emergencies.

Individualized drug therapy increasingly is being recognized as an important aspect of health care for both human and veterinary medicine. Consequently, veterinarians must reach beyond FDA-approved veterinary products to provide the current standard of veterinary care to their patients.

Schaumburg, Ill. -- A new report is calling for major organizational change within the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA).

Madison, N.J.-- Pfizer recently announced it will discontinue production of its veterinary periodontal disease vaccine for dogs.

Severe storms yesterday spawned dozens of tornadoes killing more than 248 people in six states.

Rockville, Md. -- The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently gave the green light to an iron dextran injectable formulation to alleviate a veterinary product shortage.

Monheim, Germany -- The European Commission approved two novel veterinary products including a fluoroquinolone antibiotic and dewormer from Bayer Animal Health.

Cheyenne, Wyo. -- Wyoming lawmakers have created a new account aimed at giving local law enforcement agencies more resources to fight animal cruelty.

Schaumburg, Ill. -- The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) created new educational resources to help veterinarians deal with waste disposal.

St. Kitts -- Dr. David J. DeYoung will step down as dean of Ross University's veterinary school at the end of September.

ISU sues DVMs for breach of contract, veterinarians file monopoly countersuit.

Atlanta, Ga. -- Bulldogs are on the no-fly list at Delta, after a report last year by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) highlighted higher rates of in-flight deaths for the breed.

Banfield: Internal parasites, cats

Help figure out what's causing this dog's weight loss despite a healthy appetite in this interactive case.

Banfield: Heartworm map

Banfield study shows spike in diabetes, dental disease and otitis externa.