Surgery

The patella is a type A (primary function is articulation) sesamoid bone located in the tendon of insertion of the quadraceps muscles. The origins of the quadriceps muscles are the proximal femur and immediately cranial to the acetabulurn (rectus femoris m.). The quadriceps m. follows a straight line, by necessity, to its insertion at the tibial crest.

The group of animals commonly referred to as "fish" is a paraphyletic group of some 30,000-plus described species (www.fishbase.org). That is, it includes all of the descendants of the common ancestor of the vertebrates (subphylum Vertebrata) with the exception of the tetrapods (subclass Tetrapoda–amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, totaling around 23,000 species), a fairly significant branch of the subclass Sarcopterygii alongside lungfish and coelacanths.

The stomach is a C-shaped musculoglandular organ. It has the largest dilatation of the alimentary canal. The stomach lies mainly in a transverse position, Predominantly to the left of the median plane. When it is empty, the stomach lies cranial to the last rib and between the ninth thoracic and first lumbar vertebra.

Running a high volume spay neuter operation requires much more than having efficient surgeons. Everything about the operation from scheduling appointments and intake of patients to discharge of patients after surgery must be organized and run efficiently.

Perianal fistula is a specific disease of the canine characterized by ulcerating fistulous tracts, often with a malodorous purulent discharge around the anal orifice. The tracts are usually infected and filed with chronic inflammatory tissne. The extremely severe and chronic cases the tracts may extend to the lumen of the rectoanal canal, becoming true fistulas.

The entire urethra is lined with transitional epitheliurn with the exception of a small amount near the tip of the penis or urethral tubercle. Urethral muscle is composed of an inner longitudinal layer of smooth muscle and an outer transverse layer of skeletal muscle that are separated dorsally by a longitudinal raphe.

Agenesis and malformation of the phalanges, metacarpal and carpal bones in utero is the basic pathology, and is occasionally accompanied by subluxation of the elbow.

Thorax: Many dogs with pneumothorax (hemothorax, chylothorax, diaphragmatic hernia, etc) are able to ventilate marginally but adequately when at rest in a cage. The loss of lung/ventilation capacity may not become clinical for several minutes after induction of general anesthesia or during recovery.

A disadvantage of full-thickness mesh skin graft.

The owner of this retriever first noticed the golf-ball-sized mass three days before presentation.

Laryngeal paralysis is recognized because of the loss of function in the paired cricoarytenoideus dorsalis (CAD) muscles, which are the only abductors of the aytenoid cartilages.

New information on treating medial patellar luxation in dogs.

Des Moines -- A settlement was reached in a high-profile lawsuit over non-compete agreements between Iowa State University (ISU) and several former veterinarian employees.

When should this procedure be considered?

A tip for performing these incisions.

These laboratory findings can help you diagnose a portosystemic shunt.

Complications associated with using this drug to treat disk disease in dogs.

One disadvantage of the adjustable horizontal mattress technique.

Surgeon Dr. Jenifer Newton explains why this is no longer her treatment of choice.

Surgeon Dr. Jenifer Newton discusses whether this is a good step to take before attempting removal.

While esophageal foreign bodies are not as common in our patients as gastrointestinal foreign bodies, they still can and do pose a challenge.

Find out when practitioners should recommend surgery.

What you can do to reduce recurrence following feline inflammatory polyp removal by traction.

What is a successful outcome of juvenile pubic symphysiodesis surgery?

A variation to a routine closed castration in horses.

Tips for performing this knot.

This condition may be more common than you think, so evaluate all dogs with increased calcium concentrations.

Orthopedic infections should also be thought of as infections involving the bones (osteitis or osteomyelitis), joints and surrounding support structures (periostitis, myelitis, cellulitis). Typically when we think of orthopedic infections we think of infections resulting after orthopedic surgery.

Surgical implications of the following conditions are discussed: pulmonary neoplasia, spontaneous pneumothorax, and pyothorax. Pulmonary lobectomy (partial and complete) and postoperative management recommendations are included.

The choice of surgical approach depends largely on the type of access needed for the thoracic surgery. Intercostal thoracotomy and median sternotomy are the two most commonly performed approaches in small animals. Be certain to clip and prepare a large enough area to anticipate placement of a thoracostomy tube and the potential need to extend the incision.